Full Name: Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
Nickname: Leibniz
Father: Friedrich Leibniz (1597–1652)
Mother: Catharina Schmuck
Date of Birth: 1 July 1646
Birth Place: Leipzig, Germany
Date of Death: 14 November 1716 (aged 70)
Location of Death: Hannover, Hanover, Germany
Cause of Death: Unspecified
Remains: Buried, Die Neustädter Kirche, Hanover, Germany
Gender: Male
Religion: Atheism
Race or Ethnicity: White
Occupation: Mathematician, Philosopher
Region: Western Philosophy
Nationality: German
Education: University of Leipzig, University of Altdorf, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena.
Main Interests: Mathematics, Metaphysics, Logic, Theodicy, Universal Language.
Influenced: Kant, Vico, David Hume, Tetens, Maupertuis, Spinoza, Hegel, Russell, Rousseau, Adam Smith, John Locke.
Notable Ideas: Infinitesimal calculus, Leibniz formula, Principle
of sufficient reason, Diagrammatic reasoning, Law of Continuity,
Notation for differentiation, Transcendental Law of Homogeneity,
Calculus ratiocinator.
Influenced by: Holy Scripture, Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, Thomas Aquinas, Giordano Bruno, Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, Jakob Thomasius, Gassendi, Malebranche, Pascal, Huygens, Thomasius, Wagner, Confucius.
Major Writings: De Arte Combinatoria (1666, mathematics), Hypothesis Physica Nova (1671), Nova Methodus pro Maximis et Minimis (1684), Discours de Métaphysique (1686), De Rerum Originatione (1697), De Ipsa Natura (1698), Nouveaux Essais sur L'entendement Humaine (1705), Monadologia (1714), Annales Imperii Occidentis Brunsvicenses (1843-46, history).
German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (July
1, 1646 – November 14, 1716) was one of the most influential European
thinkers of the 18th century. He is best known for his contributions to metaphysics and logic and for his invention of differential and integral
calculus depending on Isaac Newton. He advanced a binary number system for digital computers. He had life long relationship with René Descartes and Baruch Spinoza.
Childhood & Early Life: Gottfried Leibniz was born on 1 July 1646 in Leipzig, Electorate of
Saxony, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany). His father, Friedrich Leibniz
(1597–1652) was a philosophy professor. His father died when Leibniz was
six years old and he was raised by his mother, Catharina Schmuck. Her
teachings influenced Leibniz's philosophical thoughts in his later life.
He devoted his 1st two years to philosophy while reading at the low
University of Leipzig and founded the scientific study of the history of
philosophy in Germany in aged 15. At this time he made him familiar to
all the modern thinkers besides Francis Bacon, Campanella, Kepler, Galileo and Descartes. In 1666, Leibniz applied for a doctor of law degree and aimed to obtain the post of assessor and published De Arte Combinatoria.
Personal Life: Gottfried Leibniz never married. He had backdated and altered personal
manuscripts, actions which put him in a bad light but he was a charming, well-mannered person. He had many friends and admirers all
over Europe. He did not believe in miracles and believed that Jesus
Christ has no real role in the universe.
Later Life & Death: In 1669, Gottfried Leibniz was appointed to the Court of Appeal as Assessor.
On 2 February 1672, Leibniz was called by the French secretary of the state
in Paris. In April 1673, he was elected as a fellow to the Academy of Paris
and to the Royal Society of London. He started working on calculus in
1674. Leibniz was appointed by Elector Ernest solon to write down
the history of the House of Brunswick in a shot to reinforce his phratry
ambitions. Between 1687 to 1690, he made a tour of Germany, Italy and
Austria in order to find the archival materials related to this project.
Leibniz
suffered accusations in 1708. He was died on 14 November 1716 at the
age of 70 and buried at Die Neustädter Kirche in Hanover, Germany.
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